E-Cat crumbles: “Industrial Heat has worked for over 3 years to substantiate the results … without success”by Eric Worrall then it may live a expert watch to scream back the storey too advert several rather predictable events that took house inwards recent days.
Nuclear fusion cannot live "cold". This fact must live comprehensible to every expert undergraduate pupil who has gone at to the lowest degree through the start semester of some nuclear physics class or anything equivalent to it. The set out energy needed for 2 nuclei to overcome the repulsive Coulomb barrier too acquire really unopen – which is what the give-and-take "fusion" truly way – is every bit high every bit many megaelectronvolts.
The electrostatic potential set out energy is \(Q_1 Q_2 / 4\pi\varepsilon_0 R\). In the \(\varepsilon_0=\hbar=c=1\) units, if y'all desire \(R\) to live comparable to the QCD scale (nuclear radius), some \(1/150\MeV\), y'all volition ask the set out energy around \(Q^2 \times 150\MeV\) which is soundless megaelectronvolts because \(Q^2\sim \alpha\sim 1/137\). The set out energy gets fifty-fifty higher every bit \(Z_1 Z_2\) if at that spot are many protons inwards the nuclei.
Because of the approximate \(E\sim kT\) inwards statistical physics, a unmarried nucleus alongside this set out energy had to possess got the temperature corresponding to megaelectronvolts – many millions of degrees – to start with. Without this energy, the Coulomb barrier has to live "quantum tunneled through" too the resulting rates are negligibly tiny. If y'all desire to growth the probability of tunneling to "reasonably visible" values, y'all but ask to equip the nuclei alongside the initial (kinetic) set out energy that is a sizeable fraction of the barrier, then it's soundless megaelectronvolts too millions of degrees.
Even if the nuclei were deadening (cold) earlier the fusion, the really fact that megaelectronvolts of set out energy are produced per nucleus duad way that lots of set out energy per particle is produced inwards the fusion, to the neighborhood of the macroscopically fusing affair becomes hot afterward – millions of degrees.
The Sun's nitty-gritty has fifteen 1000000 degrees Celsius but the reactions croak on slow – it's OK, the Dominicus lives for billions of years too the might is soundless high because the Dominicus is large – but realistic fusion reactors on footing typically demand higher rates then they ask temperatures comparable to 100 1000000 degrees Celsius.
Nuclear physics too its events – peculiarly fission too fusion – but practise accept house at some set out energy scale that is nigh 1 1000000 times higher than the set out energy scale of atomic physics. That's what makes the "energy inwards uranium" 1 1000000 times to a greater extent than concentrated than the "energy inwards coal or lithium", for example. But it also way that the atmospheric condition inwards which the reactions are taking house are much to a greater extent than extreme.
I've explained these matters inwards 2011 when I reacted to Watts' article Andrea Rossi’s E-cat fusion device on target that has truly shocked me (Watts hopefully agrees that the device is non "on target" directly inwards 2016 LOL). Anthony wasn't the solely "typically sensible" human being who has promoted this self-evident nonsense. As lately every bit inwards 2013, E-Cat crumbles: “Industrial Heat has worked for over 3 years to substantiate the results … without success”
by Eric Worrall then it may live a expert watch to scream back the storey too advert several rather predictable events that took house inwards recent days.
Nuclear fusion cannot live "cold". This fact must live comprehensible to every expert undergraduate pupil who has gone at to the lowest degree through the start semester of some nuclear physics class or anything equivalent to it. The set out energy needed for 2 nuclei to overcome the repulsive Coulomb barrier too acquire really unopen – which is what the give-and-take "fusion" truly way – is every bit high every bit many megaelectronvolts.
The electrostatic potential set out energy is \(Q_1 Q_2 / 4\pi\varepsilon_0 R\). In the \(\varepsilon_0=\hbar=c=1\) units, if y'all desire \(R\) to live comparable to the QCD scale (nuclear radius), some \(1/150\MeV\), y'all volition ask the set out energy around \(Q^2 \times 150\MeV\) which is soundless megaelectronvolts because \(Q^2\sim \alpha\sim 1/137\). The set out energy gets fifty-fifty higher every bit \(Z_1 Z_2\) if at that spot are many protons inwards the nuclei.
Because of the approximate \(E\sim kT\) inwards statistical physics, a unmarried nucleus alongside this set out energy had to possess got the temperature corresponding to megaelectronvolts – many millions of degrees – to start with. Without this energy, the Coulomb barrier has to live "quantum tunneled through" too the resulting rates are negligibly tiny. If y'all desire to growth the probability of tunneling to "reasonably visible" values, y'all but ask to equip the nuclei alongside the initial (kinetic) set out energy that is a sizeable fraction of the barrier, then it's soundless megaelectronvolts too millions of degrees.
Even if the nuclei were deadening (cold) earlier the fusion, the really fact that megaelectronvolts of set out energy are produced per nucleus duad way that lots of set out energy per particle is produced inwards the fusion, to the neighborhood of the macroscopically fusing affair becomes hot afterward – millions of degrees.
The Sun's nitty-gritty has fifteen 1000000 degrees Celsius but the reactions croak on slow – it's OK, the Dominicus lives for billions of years too the might is soundless high because the Dominicus is large – but realistic fusion reactors on footing typically demand higher rates then they ask temperatures comparable to 100 1000000 degrees Celsius.
Nuclear physics too its events – peculiarly fission too fusion – but practise accept house at some set out energy scale that is nigh 1 1000000 times higher than the set out energy scale of atomic physics. That's what makes the "energy inwards uranium" 1 1000000 times to a greater extent than concentrated than the "energy inwards coal or lithium", for example. But it also way that the atmospheric condition inwards which the reactions are taking house are much to a greater extent than extreme.
I've explained these matters inwards 2011 when I reacted to Watts' article CMS particle physicist Tommaso Dorigo was writing enthusiastic reports on these Rossi mutual frigidity fusion papers, thus showing Dorigo's consummate incompetence inwards nuclear physics.
Most of the people who possess got supported this crap were some sort of "extraterrestrials are everywhere around us" too "restrictions sold every bit constraints from physics are precisely an evil propaganda – no laws of Nature tin always halt geniuses led past times saviors such every bit Rossi". So alongside this concentration of a mixture of stupidity too fanaticism, y'all may mayhap sympathise that fifty-fifty a life-long criminal such every bit Andrea Rossi may hold on cheating too stealing too lying for years.
Incidentally, if y'all possess got forgotten, the experiments that possess got claimed to "prove" that lots of set out energy is produced inwards Rossi's gadgets were E-Cat crumbles: “Industrial Heat has worked for over 3 years to substantiate the results … without success”
by Eric Worrall then it may live a expert watch to scream back the storey too advert several rather predictable events that took house inwards recent days.
Nuclear fusion cannot live "cold". This fact must live comprehensible to every expert undergraduate pupil who has gone at to the lowest degree through the start semester of some nuclear physics class or anything equivalent to it. The set out energy needed for 2 nuclei to overcome the repulsive Coulomb barrier too acquire really unopen – which is what the give-and-take "fusion" truly way – is every bit high every bit many megaelectronvolts.
The electrostatic potential set out energy is \(Q_1 Q_2 / 4\pi\varepsilon_0 R\). In the \(\varepsilon_0=\hbar=c=1\) units, if y'all desire \(R\) to live comparable to the QCD scale (nuclear radius), some \(1/150\MeV\), y'all volition ask the set out energy around \(Q^2 \times 150\MeV\) which is soundless megaelectronvolts because \(Q^2\sim \alpha\sim 1/137\). The set out energy gets fifty-fifty higher every bit \(Z_1 Z_2\) if at that spot are many protons inwards the nuclei.
Because of the approximate \(E\sim kT\) inwards statistical physics, a unmarried nucleus alongside this set out energy had to possess got the temperature corresponding to megaelectronvolts – many millions of degrees – to start with. Without this energy, the Coulomb barrier has to live "quantum tunneled through" too the resulting rates are negligibly tiny. If y'all desire to growth the probability of tunneling to "reasonably visible" values, y'all but ask to equip the nuclei alongside the initial (kinetic) set out energy that is a sizeable fraction of the barrier, then it's soundless megaelectronvolts too millions of degrees.
Even if the nuclei were deadening (cold) earlier the fusion, the really fact that megaelectronvolts of set out energy are produced per nucleus duad way that lots of set out energy per particle is produced inwards the fusion, to the neighborhood of the macroscopically fusing affair becomes hot afterward – millions of degrees.
The Sun's nitty-gritty has fifteen 1000000 degrees Celsius but the reactions croak on slow – it's OK, the Dominicus lives for billions of years too the might is soundless high because the Dominicus is large – but realistic fusion reactors on footing typically demand higher rates then they ask temperatures comparable to 100 1000000 degrees Celsius.
Nuclear physics too its events – peculiarly fission too fusion – but practise accept house at some set out energy scale that is nigh 1 1000000 times higher than the set out energy scale of atomic physics. That's what makes the "energy inwards uranium" 1 1000000 times to a greater extent than concentrated than the "energy inwards coal or lithium", for example. But it also way that the atmospheric condition inwards which the reactions are taking house are much to a greater extent than extreme.
I've explained these matters inwards 2011 when I reacted to Watts' article claiming to possess got vaporized lots of water, much to a greater extent than H2O than could possess got been vaporized from the electricity that the experimenters admitted to possess got consumed. However, the reality is that almost no H2O was vaporized. They precisely saw "just a lilliputian chip of vapor" too screamed that all the H2O had to live to a higher house the boiling indicate – spell neglecting the fact that the H2O was truly safely below the boiling indicate because the boiling indicate is higher at higher pressure.
OK, nevertheless, some people think that fifty-fifty a self-evident charlatan such every bit Rossi should acquire the coin to croak of import too some 3 years ago, the nutty Rossi cultists boasted that "they" possess got secured $100 1000000 from a society called Industrial Heat LLC which defines itself past times "ambitious" goals – to a greater extent than oftentimes than non a "rigorous verification too evolution of low-energy fusion technologies" – but at least, the working capital alphabetic quality inwards the society is damn real.
When scammers such every bit Rossi start to construct companies too squad upwardly alongside others, it may croak confusing too all the companies may await like but that shouldn't obscure the indicate that some companies are the thieves spell others are the victims. So at that spot may live lots of companies that are basically precisely "sock puppets of Rossi himself" (e.g. the society named E-Cat crumbles: “Industrial Heat has worked for over 3 years to substantiate the results … without success”
by Eric Worrall then it may live a expert watch to scream back the storey too advert several rather predictable events that took house inwards recent days.
Nuclear fusion cannot live "cold". This fact must live comprehensible to every expert undergraduate pupil who has gone at to the lowest degree through the start semester of some nuclear physics class or anything equivalent to it. The set out energy needed for 2 nuclei to overcome the repulsive Coulomb barrier too acquire really unopen – which is what the give-and-take "fusion" truly way – is every bit high every bit many megaelectronvolts.
The electrostatic potential set out energy is \(Q_1 Q_2 / 4\pi\varepsilon_0 R\). In the \(\varepsilon_0=\hbar=c=1\) units, if y'all desire \(R\) to live comparable to the QCD scale (nuclear radius), some \(1/150\MeV\), y'all volition ask the set out energy around \(Q^2 \times 150\MeV\) which is soundless megaelectronvolts because \(Q^2\sim \alpha\sim 1/137\). The set out energy gets fifty-fifty higher every bit \(Z_1 Z_2\) if at that spot are many protons inwards the nuclei.
Because of the approximate \(E\sim kT\) inwards statistical physics, a unmarried nucleus alongside this set out energy had to possess got the temperature corresponding to megaelectronvolts – many millions of degrees – to start with. Without this energy, the Coulomb barrier has to live "quantum tunneled through" too the resulting rates are negligibly tiny. If y'all desire to growth the probability of tunneling to "reasonably visible" values, y'all but ask to equip the nuclei alongside the initial (kinetic) set out energy that is a sizeable fraction of the barrier, then it's soundless megaelectronvolts too millions of degrees.
Even if the nuclei were deadening (cold) earlier the fusion, the really fact that megaelectronvolts of set out energy are produced per nucleus duad way that lots of set out energy per particle is produced inwards the fusion, to the neighborhood of the macroscopically fusing affair becomes hot afterward – millions of degrees.
The Sun's nitty-gritty has fifteen 1000000 degrees Celsius but the reactions croak on slow – it's OK, the Dominicus lives for billions of years too the might is soundless high because the Dominicus is large – but realistic fusion reactors on footing typically demand higher rates then they ask temperatures comparable to 100 1000000 degrees Celsius.
Nuclear physics too its events – peculiarly fission too fusion – but practise accept house at some set out energy scale that is nigh 1 1000000 times higher than the set out energy scale of atomic physics. That's what makes the "energy inwards uranium" 1 1000000 times to a greater extent than concentrated than the "energy inwards coal or lithium", for example. But it also way that the atmospheric condition inwards which the reactions are taking house are much to a greater extent than extreme.
I've explained these matters inwards 2011 when I reacted to Watts' article Rossi 1 Megawatt Energy Catalyzer is a failure after 3 years of testing past times Industrial Heat
and Steven Krivit of "New Energy Times" in
E-Cat crumbles: “Industrial Heat has worked for over 3 years to substantiate the results … without success”by Eric Worrall then it may live a expert watch to scream back the storey too advert several rather predictable events that took house inwards recent days.
Nuclear fusion cannot live "cold". This fact must live comprehensible to every expert undergraduate pupil who has gone at to the lowest degree through the start semester of some nuclear physics class or anything equivalent to it. The set out energy needed for 2 nuclei to overcome the repulsive Coulomb barrier too acquire really unopen – which is what the give-and-take "fusion" truly way – is every bit high every bit many megaelectronvolts.
The electrostatic potential set out energy is \(Q_1 Q_2 / 4\pi\varepsilon_0 R\). In the \(\varepsilon_0=\hbar=c=1\) units, if y'all desire \(R\) to live comparable to the QCD scale (nuclear radius), some \(1/150\MeV\), y'all volition ask the set out energy around \(Q^2 \times 150\MeV\) which is soundless megaelectronvolts because \(Q^2\sim \alpha\sim 1/137\). The set out energy gets fifty-fifty higher every bit \(Z_1 Z_2\) if at that spot are many protons inwards the nuclei.
Because of the approximate \(E\sim kT\) inwards statistical physics, a unmarried nucleus alongside this set out energy had to possess got the temperature corresponding to megaelectronvolts – many millions of degrees – to start with. Without this energy, the Coulomb barrier has to live "quantum tunneled through" too the resulting rates are negligibly tiny. If y'all desire to growth the probability of tunneling to "reasonably visible" values, y'all but ask to equip the nuclei alongside the initial (kinetic) set out energy that is a sizeable fraction of the barrier, then it's soundless megaelectronvolts too millions of degrees.
Even if the nuclei were deadening (cold) earlier the fusion, the really fact that megaelectronvolts of set out energy are produced per nucleus duad way that lots of set out energy per particle is produced inwards the fusion, to the neighborhood of the macroscopically fusing affair becomes hot afterward – millions of degrees.
The Sun's nitty-gritty has fifteen 1000000 degrees Celsius but the reactions croak on slow – it's OK, the Dominicus lives for billions of years too the might is soundless high because the Dominicus is large – but realistic fusion reactors on footing typically demand higher rates then they ask temperatures comparable to 100 1000000 degrees Celsius.
Nuclear physics too its events – peculiarly fission too fusion – but practise accept house at some set out energy scale that is nigh 1 1000000 times higher than the set out energy scale of atomic physics. That's what makes the "energy inwards uranium" 1 1000000 times to a greater extent than concentrated than the "energy inwards coal or lithium", for example. But it also way that the atmospheric condition inwards which the reactions are taking house are much to a greater extent than extreme.
I've explained these matters inwards 2011 when I reacted to Watts' article Industrial Heat LLC.
What happened is that after 3 years, Industrial Heat LLC has live on figured out that Rossi's "ingenious reactor" is consummate fraud too doesn't make a microjoule of energy. They possess got previously paid $11 1000000 to Rossi too because the remaining $89 1000000 inwards their contract depended on a successful replication etc., they manifestly decided non to pay the remaining $89 million.
Rossi has abused the fact that he has managed to avoid the electrical chair then far too sued them. They desire to steal his "ingenious" watch that has been "proven" past times many "independent" researchers too they are belike precisely pretending that it doesn't work. Industrial Heat LLC precisely states that the thing doesn't run too Rossi too pals possess got repeatedly breached their agreements inwards other ways, too.
But y'all come across that the province of affairs into which Industrial Heat LLC possess got maneuvered themselves is potentially unsafe for them because inwards other situations, it could live plausible that someone's trouble concern partner precisely pretends that an watch doesn't work, then that he tin steal it for free. Obviously, Rossi's watch truly doesn't run because if it did, it would live far to a greater extent than profitable for Industrial Heat LLC to croak far work, majority make the reactors, too pay the pocket-sized $89 1000000 to Rossi. But it's plausible too this giant Italian criminal who should possess got been executed for many years is but an experienced aßhole who has learned to bargain alongside the courts, too.
Now, the Industrial Heat LLC is clearly non innocent. To some extent, they are parts of the same bogus industry every bit Rossi himself – too given their "mission", zero expert tin always come upwardly out of their work, either. So the wealthy men should possess got sent 10% of the coin they possess got already paid to Rossi ($1 1000000 or so) to your humble correspondent via PayPal instead. That would live a far to a greater extent than promising way to possess got a conduct chances to develop novel cool set out energy sources.
However, despite this incompetence of the Industrial Heat LLC which makes y'all think that they may deserve this hassle, I cannot overlook the fact that they are victims. They may possess got precisely idealistically wanted to honour the truth too uncovering something useful that "could" work, too they precisely didn't sympathise why it couldn't, spell Rossi is a cold-blooded criminal who precisely decided to steal some $100 million. Some of the coin that Rossi has already stolen – too may steal, if his dingy tricks succeed – may possess got been paid past times really expert people who possess got worked difficult for a long time, too then on.
So I manifestly wishing Industrial Heat LLC a lot of expert luck inwards their novel efforts to liquidate the Italian criminal, their quondam pal. But this sympathy cannot alter the fact that people too companies but possess got to live to a greater extent than careful when they pay lots of coin to folks that others watch self-evidently too demonstrably fraudulent.
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